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The piano trio in France in the nineteenth century

At the dawn of the nineteenth century in France, composers produced an abundance of trios: often works written for piano (or harpsichord), violin (or flute) and cello, with demanding parts for the keyboard, intended to highlight the player’s skills. Until 1815 the repertoire for private use, played by amateurs, was rarely performed in public: it consisted of works by composers born in France or who adopted France as their chosen country, such as Pleyel, and those of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. The genre flourished in Germany under the influence of virtuoso pianists, and the trios of Schubert, Schumann and Mendelssohn became models that were taken into account by French composers. Thus, Onslow, the author of ten or so trios, came to be known as the “French Beethoven”. The four-movement form became widespread, with brilliant piano parts and strings often expressing a demonstrative lyricism. While many, including Chopin, David and Reber, composed piano trios occasionally, the founding in 1871 of the Société Nationale de Musique led to a flourishing of instrumental compositions, with Saint-Saëns, Dubois, Widor, Castillon, then Fauré, Debussy, Ravel and Roussel also turning to the genre.

Videos

Romantic Trios – concert by the Messiaen Trio

Related persons

Composer

George ONSLOW

(1784 - 1853)

Composer, Organist, Pianist, Journalist

Camille SAINT-SAËNS

(1835 - 1921)

Composer, Organist

Théodore DUBOIS

(1837 - 1924)

Composer, Organist

Charles-Marie WIDOR

(1844 - 1937)

Composer

Alexis de CASTILLON

(1838 - 1873)

Composer, Organist, Pianist

Gabriel FAURÉ

(1845 - 1924)

Composer, Pianist

Claude DEBUSSY

(1862 - 1918)

Composer

Albert ROUSSEL

(1869 - 1937)

Related works

Trio avec piano no 1

Édouard LALO

Trio avec piano no 2

Édouard LALO

Piano Trio no. 1 op. 18

Camille SAINT-SAËNS

Trio avec piano

Gaston SALVAYRE

Trio avec piano no 3

Édouard LALO

Piano Trio no.2

Benjamin GODARD

Piano Trio no. 2 in E minor op. 92

Camille SAINT-SAËNS

Piano Trio op. 120

Gabriel FAURÉ